The role for clinical outcomes of regenerative potential of bone tissue during planning of implantation in patients with generalized periodontitis.

Abstract

To investigate the bone tissue regenerative potential (BTRP) in patients with moderate and severe generalized periodontitis (MSGP) in area of periodontal defect and to assess its role for future implant placement in investigated and neighboring defect areas in such group of patients.

The jaw cancellous bone was investigated in 25 patients with MSGP (basic group) and in 10 patients with healthy periodontium (HP) (control group). Cloning of colony-forming fibroblast units (CFFU) of human jaws bone marrow was provided according to methodic of Fridenshtein O.Y. (1973) in modification of Astachova V.S. (1982). The cancellous bone was taken during flap operation according MIST, MPPT (Cortellini P., Tonetti M., 2007, 2009). In patients with HP – during extraction of vital intact teeth according to orthodontic, prosthodontic indications.

In 82% of cell cultures (in 27 from 33 cell cultures) of patients with MSGP the growth of colonies was absent, the effectiveness of CFFU cloning=0. Only in 6 occasions (18%) the growth of stromal fibroblasts was detected with cloning effectiveness of 0,64±0,33 (standard deviation of 1,86) among 105 nucleus-containing cells. Among 10 cell cultures in control group the growth of CFFU was detected in 20% but cloning effectiveness was 11,2±7,1 among 105 nucleus-containing cells (standard deviation of 15,9).

The BTRP in patients with MSGP in area of periodontal defect was highly reduced. The cloning effectiveness of CFFU in 17,5 times less comparing to the same score in patients with HP. The reasonability for further development of new organ-saving procedures reducing teeth loss and necessity of new medications creation optimizing the regenerative bone tissue potential in patients with MSGP are among priorities. Details of regenerative potential of bone tissue in patients with MSGP in area of periodontal defect can have an important clinical role for further development of certain surgical techniques related to the bone tissue activation and natural teeth preservation, preparation and provision of implantation in such group of patients.