ЕТИКА ЩАСТЯ І ЕТИКА ВБИВСТВА: КОЛІЗІЇ ЗІТКНЕННЯ

Abstract

If in secular ethics the bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-harm and justice are applied, in military ethics these principles are often compromised by the obligation to obey orders in a military environment. During the war, not only the combatants fall into complex ethical conflicts related to the execution of the order to kill, it is also a fairly common situation for medics. On the one hand, they are obliged to comply with all legal orders; on the other hand, they must adhere to the ethical principles of their medical profession. For some, happiness is found in taking the lives of others simply because other people profess other values, faith, belong to another nation – aggressors kill, dehumanizing their victims, treating them worse than sick animals, aggressors are driven by hatred or contempt, cynicism and cruelty, sadism and the desire to dominate. All this has nothing to do with ethics. For others, war is a forced necessity, they kill in order not to be killed, it is a forced self-defense. And even in such a situation, a normal, adequate person, of course, punishes himself with moral reproaches, gets PTSD. War is just, and the ethics of killing does not conflict with the ethics of happiness, only when the killing is not proactive, when it is forced and aims to save more lives.