SOME MARKERS OF OCCURRENCE OF RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY USING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

Abstract

There is a definite relationship between RVO and cardiovascular diseases - ischemic heart disease and brain [1]. It has been shown that RVO is associated with arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation [2]. Cardio-surgeries, accompanied by cardiopulmonary bypass may be accompanied by perioperative complications on the part of the visual organ, which are related to retinal ischemia and development of ischemic optical neuropathy and vascular occlusion of retina [3, 4]. Their occurrence factors are prolonged hypothermia, hemodilution and decrease of hemoglobin concentration, hypovolemia, blood circulation redistribution, prolonged hypotension during CB surgery, secondary vasospasm [5, 6]. When using CB, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (EDF) are activated during the surgery, what leads to damage of internal organs [7], and serumal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines - interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) in three hours after the surgery determined 30-day and 5-year mortality of such patients [8]. The application of CB increases the penetrance of the microcirculation vessels of lungs, neutrophilous emigration, the content of IL-6 and other inflammatory markers, including, - a protein of cell-cell adhesion of vasculoendothelial cadherin (VE-C) [9]. The patients after CB had a content increase in the blood of VE-C [10]. So, these data allow us to conclude that the main reasons for the development of retinal vein occlusion after cardiac surgery using CB are acute inflammation and endothelial dysfunction that occurs during and immediately after surgery. The aim of the study was to establish a relationship between markers of inflammation (IL-6 and IL-8) and endothelial dysfunction (VE-C) as possible factors for the occurrence of retinal vein occlusion after cardiac surgery using CB.